GUANFACINE

What is guanfacine?

Guanfacine is a medication commonly used for blood pressure and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Immediate-release (IR) tablets are used for blood pressure, whereas extended-release (ER) tablets are used for ADHD, often in combination with other medications. Guanfacine is a centrally acting alpha_2A-adrenergic receptor agonist. Guanfacine treats high blood pressure by decreasing heart rate and relaxing the blood vessels so blood can flow more easily. Guanfacine ER tablets may treat ADHD by affecting the part of the brain that controls attention and impulsivity, the prefrontal cortex [1]. Guanfacine is not a stimulant, unlike most medications prescribed for ADHD; therefore, it lacks addictive qualities. Coupled with its relatively affordable nature, it could be a very appealing option to many patients.

How does guanfacine relate to long-COVID?

Sufferers of long-COVID often deal with “brain fog,” a persistent cognitive defect resulting in memory problems, poor focus, and decreased ability to concentrate. Through its supposed effects on the prefrontal cortex, guanfacine could be helpful in those suffering from “brain fog.”

Although a lengthy clinical trial has yet to be completed, one researcher from Yale found evidence of guanfacine decreasing “brain fog” in long COVID patients. [2]. He completed a small study with 12 patients all experiencing “brain fog” post-COVID. Patients were given guanfacine and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant with anti-inflammatory properties. Of those 12 patients, eight experienced relief from “brain fog.” Two patients were lost to follow-up, and two stopped the treatment due to side effects [2]. Guanfacine is an attractive medication option to help with memory and concentration problems for those suffering from long-COVID. Although no formal recommendations have been made regarding its use, it shows promise to patients.

References:

¹https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a601059.html

² https://medicine.yale.edu/news-article/potential-new-treatment-for-brain-fog-in-long-covid-patients/#:~:text=Guanfacine%20and%20NAC%20Relieve%20Long%20COVID%20Brain%20Fog&text=Since%20then%2C%20Fesharaki%2DZadeh%20has,2%20mg%20after%20one%20month