SULFORAPHANE

What is sulforaphane?

Sulforaphane is a plant-derived substance known to possess anti-cancer properties; more recently, its effects in fighting COVID-19 have become known [^[1]]. It is found in cruciferous vegetables with exceptionally high concentrations in broccoli. Because it is found in plants we already eat, sulforaphane is generally well-tolerated [^[2]].

What does sulforaphane do in the body?

Sulforaphane is an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compound known to inhibit the effects of pro-inflammatory molecules [^[3]]. It is also neuroprotective, meaning it has protective effects on the nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord. As a known anti-cancer agent, sulforaphane reduces the impact of oxidative stress on the body’s cells, inhibiting inflammatory activity. Sulforaphane inhibits the cytokines involved in the cytokine storm of COVID-19 [^[2]], which is linked to Long COVID [^4]].

How can sulforaphane help alleviate certain Long COVID symptoms and/or pathophysiology? 

Animal studies suggest that it can improve endothelial function by blocking oxidative stress [^[5]]. A study of broccoli capsules containing sulforaphane to treat COVID-19 concluded that sulforaphane could potentially protect against severe illness [^[6]]. A study of sulforaphane in COVID found that it was potentially an anti-inflammatory mediator in COVID-19, reducing the gene expression of inflammatory compounds [^7]]. However, laboratory research also suggests that sulforaphane may be less effective in older people than in younger populations [^[5]].